amazon

Acute Pain / Chronic Pain - NCP for Rheumatoid Arthritis

Acute Pain / Chronic Pain - NCP for Rheumatoid Arthritis - These days we want to discuss the article with the title health Acute Pain / Chronic Pain - NCP for Rheumatoid Arthritis we hope you get what you're looking for. We are here trying to make the best possible to provide information on this blog.

Acute Pain / Chronic Pain - NCP for Rheumatoid Arthritis

Nursing Care Plan for Rheumatoid Arthritis

The changes will occur in the human body in line with the increasing age. Body changes occur early in life until old age in all organs and tissues of the body. Such circumstances also appears on all of the musculoskeletal system and other tissues related to the possibility of some classes of rheumatism. Such circumstances it appears also in all other tissues of the musculoskeletal system and that has to do with the possibility of some classes of Rheumatoid Arthritis. Rheumatoid Arthritis can lead to changes in the muscle, until the function can be decreased when the muscles in the suffering does not trained to activate muscle function. With increasing age old muscle function can be properly trained. But old age is not always experienced or suffered from rheumatism. How the onset of rheumatic this incident, until now has not been fully understood.

According to the consensus of the experts in the field of rheumatology, rheumatism can be expressed as a complaint and / or markings. Of the agreement, otherwise there are three main complaints of the musculoskeletal system are: pain, stiffness and weakness, as well as the three main signs are: swelling of the joints, Muscle weakness, and movement disorders. (Soenarto, 1982).

Rheumatoid arthritis is a long case very often tested. Usually there are many physical signs. Diagnosis of the disease is easily enforced. Management is often a major problem. The incidence of rheumatoid arthritis peaks occur in the fourth decade of age, and the disease is found in women 3 times more often than men. Rheumatoid arthritis is believed to be an immune response to an unknown antigen. Stimulus can be viral or bacterial. There may also predispose to the disease.


Definition

Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic multisystem disease of unknown cause, is a characteristic feature of rheumatoid arthritis; persistent synovial inflammation, usually of the peripheral joints in a symmetric distribution (Harrison, 2000: 1840).

Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic disorder that attacks a variety of organ systems, this disease is one of a group of diffuse connective tissue diseases mediated by immune and unknown cause (Sylvia A.Price, 2005: 1385).


Etiology

According to Harrison (2000 : 1841), the cause of rheumatoid arthritis is unknown, it is likely a manifestation of rheumatoid arthritis in response to an infectious agent. One of the possible presence of persistent infection in the joint structure or retention of microbial products in the synovial tissue that trigger chronic inflammatory response. Another potential causative mechanism in rheumatoid arthritis is a disruption of the normal self tolerance which cause reactivity against self antigens in the joints.

But the biggest factor precipitating factors of rheumatoid arthritis is an infection such as bacteria, mycoplasma and viruses (Lemone & Burke, 2001). The main cause of this disorder is unknown. There are several theories put forward as to the cause of rheumatoid arthritis, namely:
  1. Haemolytic streptococcal infection and non-haemolytic streptococci.
  2. Endocrine
  3. Autoimmune
  4. Metabolic
  5. Genetic factors as well as other trigger factors.

At this time, suspected rheumatoid arthritis is caused by autoimmune and infectious factors. This autoimmune reaction against collagen type II; factor for infection may be caused by a virus and mycoplasma organism or group of diphtheroids which produce collagen type II antigens of joint cartilage patients.


Clinical Manifestations

Criteria of the American Rheumatism Association (ARA) 1987 revised are:
  1. Stiff in the morning. Patients feel stiff in the joints and surrounding from waking up at least one hour before maximal improvement.
  2. Arthritis in the three regions. Swelling of soft tissue or bone enlargement joints instead, occurs in at least three joints simultaneously. There are 14 joints that meet the criteria: proximal interphalangeal, metacarpophalang, wrist, elbow, ankle, and metatarsophalangeal left and right.
  3. Artrtis on hand joints. At least there is swelling of the joints of the hands as shown above.
  4. Symmetrical arthritis. That is the involvement of the same joint (not absolutely symmetrical) on both sides simultaneously.
  5. Rheumatoid nodule is a local swelling or tissue lump, usually rather firm to the touch, like an unripe fruit, the which Occurs almost exclusively in association with rheumatoid arthritis.
  6. Serum rheumatoid factor positive. There abnormal titers of serum rheumatoid factor were examined in a way that gives a positive result is less than 5% of the control group.
  7. There is a typical radiological changes on chest X-ray examination postero-anterior hand or wrist, which should indicate the presence of erosions or decalcification of bones located at joints or areas adjacent to joints.
The diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis is made if at least four of the seven criteria are met above. Criteria 1 till 4 there must be at least 6 weeks.



Nursing Diagnosis for Rheumatoid Arthritis : Pain Acute / Chronic Pain

Acute Pain / Chronic related to the agent of injury, tissue distension by the accumulation of fluid / inflammation, joint destruction.

Outcomes:
Shows the pain is relieved / controlled,
Looks relaxed, sleep / rest and participate in activities according to ability.
Following the prescribed pharmacological programs,
Combining the skills of relaxation and entertainment activities in a pain control program.

Intervention and Rational:
1. Assess pain, note the location and intensity (scale of 0-10). Note the factors that accelerate and signs of non-verbal pain.
R / : Assist in determining the need for pain management and program effectiveness.

2. Provide mat / hard mattress, small pillows. Elevate the patient's bed linens as needed.
R / : Mattress soft / soft, big pillows will prevent the maintenance of proper body alignment, putting stress on diseased joints. Elevation of the bed linens pressure on inflamed joints / pain.

3. Place / monitor the use of pillows, sandbags, rolls trokhanter, splint, brace.
R / :Resting sore joints and maintain a neutral position. The use of the brace can reduce pain and can reduce damage to the joints.

4. Pushes to frequently change positions, help to move in bed, prop joints above and below sick, avoid jerky movements.
R /: Prevent the occurrence of general fatigue and joint stiffness. Stabilize the joint, reducing movement / joint pain

5. Instruct the patient to a warm bath or shower to wake-up time and / or at bedtime. Provide a warm washcloth to compress the affected joints several times a day. Monitor the temperature of the water compresses, bath water, and so on.
R /: Heat improves muscle relaxation, and mobility, decrease pain and stiffness in the morning release. Sensitivity to heat can be removed and dermal wounds can be healed.

6. Provide gentle massage.
R /: Increase relaxation / reduce pain.

7. Encourage use of stress management techniques, such as progressive relaxation, therapeutic touch, biofeedback, visualization, imagination guidance, self hypnosis, and breath control.
R /: Increase relaxation, gives a sense of control and may improve coping skills

8. Involve in entertainment activities appropriate to the individual situation.
R /: Refocus attention, stimulate, and improve self-confidence and feeling healthy.

9. Give medication before activity / exercise planned as directed.
R /: Increase realaksasi, reduce muscle tension / spasm, making it easy to participate in therapy.

Thank you for visiting our blog. In the future we continue to seek better in presenting good information. Don't forget to share the article Acute Pain / Chronic Pain - NCP for Rheumatoid Arthritis this in social media.

Frequently searched keywords:

Nanda Nursing Diagnosis, nanda nursing diagnosis pdf, nanda nursing diagnosis for renal failure, nanda nursing diagnosis for diabetes mellitus, nanda nursing diagnosis for respiratory problems, nanda nursing diagnosis book+free download, nanda nursing diagnosis for respiratory failure, nanda nursing diagnosis list 2015 pdf, nanda nursing diagnosis for atrial septal defect, nanda nursing diagnosis 2015, nanda nursing diagnosis 2015 pdf, nanda nursing diagnosis 2015 to 2017, nanda nursing diagnosis free download, nanda nursing diagnosis list 2015 free download, nanda nursing diagnosis impaired gas exchange, nanda nursing diagnosis ppt, nanda nursing diagnosis classification, nanda nursing diagnosis care plans examples, nanda nursing diagnosis for pericardial effusion, nanda nursing diagnosis, nanda nursing diagnosis list, nanda nursing diagnosis anxiety, nanda nursing diagnosis acute pain, nanda nursing diagnosis activity intolerance, nanda nursing diagnosis apa reference, nanda nursing diagnosis and interventions, nanda nursing diagnosis anemia, nanda nursing diagnosis acute pain related to, nanda nursing diagnosis altered mental status, nanda nursing diagnosis app, nanda nursing diagnosis acute pain related to surgery, nanda nursing diagnosis asthma, nanda nursing diagnosis and care plans, nanda nursing diagnosis and interventions for copd, nanda nursing diagnosis alcohol withdrawal, nanda nursing diagnosis and intervention pdf, nanda nursing diagnosis alzheimer's disease, nanda nursing diagnosis acute kidney injury, nanda nursing diagnosis and outcomes, nanda nursing diagnosis amazon, nanda nursing diagnosis apk, nanda nursing diagnosis book, nanda nursing diagnosis bleeding, nanda nursing diagnosis book pdf, nanda nursing diagnosis bipolar disorder, nanda nursing diagnosis breast cancer, nanda nursing diagnosis bowel obstruction, nanda nursing diagnosis borderline personality disorder, nanda nursing diagnosis burns, nanda nursing diagnosis bronchiolitis, nanda nursing diagnosis bronchitis, nanda nursing diagnosis body image disturbed, nanda nursing diagnosis bph, nanda nursing diagnosis back pain, nanda nursing diagnosis-blood transfusion, nanda nursing diagnosis ineffective breathing pattern, nanda nursing diagnosis traumatic brain injury, nursing diagnosis by nanda, nanda nursing care plan book, nanda nursing diagnosis copd, nanda nursing diagnosis chf, nanda nursing diagnosis cellulitis, nanda nursing diagnosis congestive heart failure, nanda nursing diagnosis cva, nanda nursing diagnosis.com, nanda nursing diagnosis community, nanda nursing care plan copd, www.nanda nursing care plan.com, nanda nursing diagnosis diabetes, nanda nursing diagnosis definition, nanda nursing diagnosis decreased cardiac output, nanda nursing diagnosis dementia, nanda nursing diagnosis diabetes mellitus type 2, nanda nursing diagnosis definition and classification, nanda nursing diagnosis depression, nanda nursing diagnosis disturbed thought processes, nanda nursing diagnosis diarrhea, nanda nursing diagnosis deficient knowledge, nanda nursing diagnosis dehydration, nanda nursing diagnosis deficient fluid volume, nanda nursing diagnosis defining characteristics, nanda nursing diagnosis download, nanda nursing diagnosis diabetes mellitus, nanda nursing diagnosis diabetic ketoacidosis, nanda nursing diagnosis dvt, nanda nursing diagnosis diverticulitis, nanda nursing diagnosis dengue fever, nanda nursing diagnosis examples, nanda nursing diagnosis electrolyte imbalance, nanda nursing diagnosis excess fluid volume, nanda nursing diagnosis epilepsy, nanda nursing diagnosis ebook free download, nanda nursing diagnosis edema, nanda nursing diagnosis elsevier, nanda nursing diagnosis end stage renal disease, nanda nursing diagnosis elimination, nanda nursing diagnosis emphysema, nanda nursing diagnosis endocarditis, nanda nursing diagnosis ectopic pregnancy, nanda nursing diagnosis encephalopathy, nanda nursing diagnosis pleural effusion, nanda nursing diagnosis for urinary elimination, nanda nursing care plan examples, nanda nursing wellness diagnosis examples, nanda nursing diagnosis for elderly, nanda nursing diagnosis for epistaxis, nanda nursing diagnosis for hypertension, nanda nursing diagnosis for pneumonia, nanda nursing diagnosis for pain, nanda nursing diagnosis for copd, nanda nursing diagnosis for anemia, nanda nursing diagnosis for anxiety, nanda nursing diagnosis for chf, nanda nursing diagnosis for asthma, nanda nursing diagnosis fever, nanda nursing diagnosis for psychosocial, nanda nursing diagnosis for 2014, nanda nursing diagnosis for 2015, nanda nursing diagnosis for, nanda nursing diagnosis grieving, nanda nursing diagnosis gi bleed, nanda nursing diagnosis generalized anxiety disorder, nanda nursing diagnosis gastrointestinal, nanda nursing diagnosis gastritis, nanda nursing diagnosis gordon's functional health patterns, nanda nursing diagnosis gout, nanda nursing diagnosis guidelines, nanda nursing diagnosis gerd, nanda nursing diagnosis gestational diabetes, nanda nursing diagnosis glaucoma, nanda nursing diagnosis gi, nanda nursing diagnosis geriatrics, nanda nursing diagnosis gangrene, nanda nursing diagnosis gallstones, nanda nursing diagnosis for gastroenteritis, nanda nursing diagnosis for gestational diabetes mellitus, nanda nursing diagnosis for guillain barre syndrome, nanda nursing diagnosis for gastroparesis, nanda nursing diagnosis hypertension, nanda nursing diagnosis handbook, nanda nursing diagnosis heart failure, nanda nursing diagnosis how to write, nanda nursing diagnosis hyperthermia, nanda nursing diagnosis hypoglycemia, nanda nursing diagnosis hypotension, nanda nursing diagnosis health promotion, nanda nursing diagnosis hopelessness, nanda nursing diagnosis hyperlipidemia, nanda nursing diagnosis high blood pressure, nanda nursing diagnosis hernia, nanda nursing diagnosis handbook free download, nanda nursing diagnosis hemorrhoids, nanda nursing diagnosis hyperglycemia, nanda nursing diagnosis hypothermia, nanda nursing diagnosis head injury, nanda nursing diagnosis hypothyroidism, nanda nursing diagnosis hyponatremia, nanda nursing diagnosis hip fracture, nanda nursing diagnosis in pregnancy, nanda nursing diagnosis is, nanda-i nursing diagnosis list, nanda-i nursing diagnosis list 2012, nanda nursing diagnosis jaundice, nanda nursing diagnosis journal, nanda nursing diagnosis for degenerative joint disease, nanda nursing care plan for juvenile diabetes, nanda nursing diagnosis knowledge deficit, nanda nursing diagnosis knowledge deficit diabetes, nanda nursing diagnosis kidney failure, nanda nursing diagnosis knowledge deficit related to medication, nanda nursing diagnosis knowledge deficit breastfeeding, nanda nursing diagnosis kidney stones, nanda nursing diagnosis knowledge deficit medication, nanda nursing diagnosis knee replacement, nanda nursing diagnosis knowledge, nanda nursing diagnosis for kawasaki disease, nanda nursing diagnosis for kidney transplant, nanda nursing diagnosis chronic kidney disease, nanda nursing diagnosis for kidney disease, nanda nursing diagnosis for knee surgery, nanda nursing diagnosis for kidney cancer, nanda nursing diagnosis for ketoacidosis, nanda nursing diagnosis for kwashiorkor, nanda nursing diagnosis list 2013, nanda nursing diagnosis list 2012, nanda nursing diagnosis list 2011 pdf, nanda nursing diagnosis list 2012 pdf, nanda nursing diagnosis leukemia, nanda nursing diagnosis list 2014, nanda nursing diagnosis list 2015, nanda nursing diagnosis list for newborns, nanda nursing diagnosis labor delivery, nanda nursing diagnosis list pdf, nanda nursing diagnosis list for pneumonia, nanda nursing diagnosis list for hypertension, nanda nursing diagnosis list with definitions, nanda nursing diagnosis list for pediatrics, nanda nursing diagnosis labels, nanda nursing diagnosis list for chf, nanda nursing diagnosis list for copd, nanda nursing diagnosis mrsa, nanda nursing diagnosis mental health, nanda nursing diagnosis must include, nanda nursing diagnosis medication compliance, nanda nursing diagnosis myocardial infarction, nanda nursing diagnosis maternity, nanda nursing diagnosis malnutrition, nanda nursing diagnosis meningitis, nanda nursing diagnosis multiple myeloma, nanda nursing diagnosis major depressive disorder, nanda nursing diagnosis-multiple sclerosis, nanda nursing diagnosis mi, nanda nursing diagnosis metabolic acidosis, nanda nursing diagnosis mental retardation, nanda nursing diagnosis mental illness, nanda nursing diagnosis muscle weakness, nanda nursing diagnosis maternal, nanda nursing diagnosis macular degeneration, nanda nursing diagnosis pain management, nanda nursing diagnosis nutrition, nanda nursing diagnosis noncompliance, nanda nursing diagnosis newborn, nanda nursing diagnosis nutrition less than body requirements, nanda nursing diagnosis nausea, nanda nursing diagnosis online, nanda nursing diagnosis obesity, nanda nursing diagnosis osteomyelitis, nanda nursing diagnosis osteoporosis, nanda nursing diagnosis obstetrics, nanda nursing diagnosis of mania, nanda nursing diagnosis of neurocysticercosis, nanda nursing diagnosis of diabetes mellitus, nanda nursing diagnosis of hernia, nanda nursing diagnosis on hypertension, nanda nursing diagnosis of pneumonia, nanda nursing diagnosis of inguinal hernia, nanda nursing diagnosis of meningitis, nanda nursing diagnosis of myocardial infarction, nanda nursing diagnosis of fracture, nanda nursing diagnosis of nephrotic syndrome, nanda nursing diagnosis of peptic ulcer, nanda nursing diagnosis of schizophrenia, nanda nursing diagnosis on fever, nanda nursing diagnosis of tuberculosis, nanda nursing diagnosis pain, nanda nursing diagnosis pneumonia, nanda nursing diagnosis psychosocial, nanda nursing diagnosis pregnancy, nanda nursing diagnosis pain acute, nanda nursing diagnosis pdf 2014, nanda nursing diagnosis pdf free download, nanda nursing diagnosis postpartum, nanda nursing care plan pneumonia

{ 0 komentar... read them below or add one }

Posting Komentar